胎儿晶状体囊及晶状体上皮发育过程的光、电镜观察

LIGHT MICROSCOPIC AND ELECTRON MICRSCPIC OBSERVATION ON THE DEVELOPING COURSE OF LENS CAPSULE AND LENS EPITHELIUM IN FETUS

应用手术显微镜、光、电镜观察了不同胎龄晶状体囊的血管、晶状体囊及晶状体上皮超微结构的发育.其结果表明:囊的前面的血管是来自虹膜小环.囊后面的血管是来自透明动脉.血管随胎龄增长而逐渐减少,直至第32周完全消失.晶状体上皮细胞超微结构的发育是:随胎龄增长上皮细胞由立方形→低立方形;核由长椭圆形→扁椭圆形.胞质中各种细胞器逐渐减少.但细丝逐渐增多,此提示晶状体的弹性与日俱增.而粗面内质网在胎龄第5～6个月时最为发达,这说明晶状体蛋白质的合成旺盛,以提供晶状体上皮向晶状体纤维过渡所需的物质基础.文内并就先天性和后天性白内障的病因进行了讨论.

This paper presents observations on the vascular of lens capsule the ultrastructure of lens capsule and the lens epithelium in fetuses of different age by means of operating microscopy,light microscopy and electric microscopy.The results were shown as follows:the vascular vessels on the anterior surface of lens capsule were derived from the minor iridic anulus and those of the posterior surface from the hyaloid artery.The branches of the hyaloid artery gradually descreased in number with age and totally disappeared at the 32nd week.The development of the ultrastructure of the lens epithelium were as follows:the epithelial cells change from cube into short cube in shape,and the nucleus change from long oval into flat oval.All kinds of cell organelles in the cytoplasm decreased gradually in number,but the microfilament has increased,which indicated that the elasticity of the lens increased with age.The rough surface endoplasmic reticulum was found to have been well developed at the 5th-6th month of fetal age,which showed that the composition of the protein was very exuberant in the lens.This provided a material basis for the transition from lens epithelium to lens fiber.The pathogency of congenital cataract and acquired cataract was discussed.