人胚胎冠状动脉组织发生的光镜研究

LIGHT MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON THE HISTOGENESIS OF CORONARY ARTERIES IN HUMAN FETUS

本文用Van Gieson-orcein染色法对35例(第5周至第10个月)人胚胎冠状动脉的组织发生作了光镜观察.结果显示第5周心外膜内的间充质细胞形成了血管壁.第6周冠状动脉初步形成,内皮直接贴附于内弹性膜,中膜为1～2层平滑肌细胞,外弹性膜为2层弹性纤维组成,外膜厚于中膜.内皮下层第6个月可辨认出来.内弹性膜、中膜、外膜的厚度及管径均随胎龄而增加.内弹性膜厚度随胎龄呈直线上升,中膜和外膜厚度随胎龄呈指数曲线上升.内径和外径的比值在各期胎龄保持相对衡定.

By means of Van Gieson-orcein method,the histogenesis of coronary arteries was observed in thirty five human embryos and fetuses of various ages.The results showed that the vessel wall was formed by mesenchymal cells in the epicardium in the 5th week.The primitive arterial structure appeared in the coronary vessels in the 6th week with the endothelium closely adhering to the internal elastic membrane.The tunica media,composed of 1-2 layers of smooth muscle cells,was thinner than the tunica adventitia,composed of 2 layers of elastic fibers.By the 6th month,the subendothelial layer could be distinguished.The thickness of the internal elastic membrane,tunica media and tunica adventitia and the diameter of the vessel increased with the increase of fetal age.The relationship between the thickness of internal elastic membrane and fetal age was found to be rectilinear,while the relationship between the thickness of tunica media,tunica adventitia and fetal age was found to be curvilinear.The ratio between the internal and external diameters remained relatively constant with various fetal ages.