硬脂酸乙醇酰胺聚氧乙烯醚的合成及性能

Synthesis and Properties of Stearic Ethanolamide Polyoxyethylene Ether

以聚乙二醇 (6 0 0 )为原料 ,通过三步合成了硬脂酸乙醇酰胺聚氧乙烯醚。首先合成硬脂酸乙醇酰胺。然后 ,在碱性条件下 ,酰胺与环氧氯丙烷反应生成环醚。最后环醚与聚乙二醇 (6 0 0 )反应生成聚氧乙烯醚。正交试验确定较佳工艺条件为 :环醚∶聚乙二醇 (mol)为 1∶1.2 ,反应时间 5h ,反应温度 130℃产品收率达 90 %。通过红外光谱图确定了产品的结构并对产品的表面物性进行了分析。结果表明产品具有较好的降低水表面张力的能力 ,并具有良好的增稠、润湿 。

Stearic ethanolamide polyoxyethylene ether was synthesized using polyglycol in three steps. Stearic ethanolamide was obtained as follows: n(stearic acid):n(ethanolamine)=1.0:0.70(in the first step) and 1:0.30(in the second step), :n(stearic acid ):n(KOH)=1.0:1.0:0.05, reaction temperature 160℃ (in the first step) and 105℃ (in the second step) and reaction time 4h(in the first step) and 3h(in the second step). And then ring ether was synthesized in the presence of alkali. Finally stearic ethanolamide polyoxyethylene ether was prepared by ring ether and polyglycol using KOH as catalyst. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: n(ring ether):n(polyglycol)=1.0:1.2, reaction temperature 130℃ and reaction time 5h by orthogonal experiment. The yield of the product reached 92%. The structure of the product was determined by IR spectra and the surface properties of the product were determined. The result indicated that the stearic ethanolamide polyoxyethylene ether was a fine non-ionic surfactant which could easily reduce the surface tension of water and had good capability of thickening and wetting.