纳米CuO/AP复合粒子的制备及催化性能研究

Research on the preparation and catalytic function of nano-CuOAP composite particles

采用溶剂 非溶剂法制备出了以纳米CuO为核、AP为壳的CuO/AP复合粒子。TEM、XRD及AA的测试结果表明,复合粒子中只有CuO和AP存在,且AP包覆于CuO的外表,而DSC对复合粒子催化性能的测试结果表明,纳米CuO/AP复合粒子中AP的高温分解峰温度下降到101℃,较CuO AP的简单混合物提前了5.64℃,而且复合粒子中AP的低温分解峰消失,在完成由斜方晶系向立方晶系的晶型转变后,便直接进入了高温分解,这为改善推进剂燃速提供了一条可行途径。

The nano-CuO/AP composite particles were prepared by solvent-nonsolvent method. The morphology and composition were characterized by TEM, XRD and AA. The results show that the composite particles contain copper oxide (CuO) and ammonium perchlorate (AP) only, and CuO is coated by AP. The catalytic function of composite particles was tested by DSC. The results show that the high exothermic peak of nano-CuO/AP composite particles drops down to 101°C i.e. 5.64°C in advance to the simple admixture of CuO and AP. It is important that the low exothermic peak of AP decomposition disappears and the high temperature decomposition of AP begins soon after the phase transition from orthorhombic to cubic, which provides a feasible way to improve the burning rate of propellant.