论中国刑事附带民事诉讼制度的程序调适

On Reformation of Incidental Civil Action of China

在世界范围内,因刑事犯罪行为而引起的民事赔偿,有三种程序立法模式,但以独立民事诉讼的方式来解决刑事犯罪行为的民事赔偿问题已成为司法实践中的一种普遍趋势。中国现行的刑事附带民事诉讼制度,在给被害人带来了一定程序"便利"的同时,两种诉讼在同一程序中并列运行的内在矛盾冲突也显而易见,这既不利于保护被害人的合法权益,也损害了刑事被告人的程序利益,进而影响程序正义的实现。避免这种冲突的有效途径就是将附带民事赔偿部分从刑事诉讼程序中分立出来,而非彼此妥协。

There are three kinds of procedures in the main western countries about the remedy of criminal victim, the civil action for compensation against the accused is more commonly proceeded independent of the criminal process. In China, the victim has a right of filing an incidental civil action against the accused during the criminal justice, but the mixture of two different procedures impacts the procedural interests of both the victim and the criminal improperly and hold back the realization of judicial justice. According to the civil action character, Chinese current civil compensation process need to be reformed, i.e. civil procedure against the accused should be separated from criminal one.