不同类型考试焦虑影响考试成绩的差异模式

The Different Models of Three Types of Test Anxiety Influencing Test Performance

调查了440名高中生,以不同类型考试焦虑为预测变量,以掌握目标、情绪性、应对反应、考试自我效能感、成绩-接近目标、成绩-回避目标、担忧、学习和考试技能、认知干扰为中介变量,期末数学考试成绩为最终结果变量,探讨不同类型考试焦虑影响考试成绩的模式。结果表明:不同类型考试焦虑具有不同的影响考试成绩的模式,即存在认知主导型模式(简称C模式)、生理唤醒主导型模式(简称P模式)、技能缺乏主导型模式(S模式)等三种不同的模式。担忧是C模式中的主要中介变量,P模式的主要特征是担忧对情绪性存在显著影响,S模式的特点是中介变量较少,学习和考试技能变量受考试焦虑和考试自我效能感双重影响并作用于考试成绩。

The tested models included: three types of test anxiety as exogenous variables, ten endogenous variables, they were: mastery goal, emotionality, coping behavior, test self-efficacy, achievement-approached goal, achievement-avoid goal, worry, study and test skills, cognition interference and final math performance, in which final math performance was outcome variable. The results were: different kinds of test anxiety had different models which test anxiety influenced test anxiety, namely, these models were: Cognition-Dominated Test Anxiety Model(C model), Arousal-Dominated Test Anxiety Model (P model), Sill-Lack-Dominated Test Anxiety Model (S model). Worry was mediator variable in C model. In P model, A important precondition was that worry influenced emotionality directly and significantly. It was the prominent characteristic that S model had a little mediator variables and test self-efficacy influencing study and test skill.