论奥古斯丁和卢梭的积极政治观

On the Active Political Outlooks of Augustinus and Rousseau

以奥古斯丁和卢梭为例论述一种"积极的政治观",这种政治观是指政治生活和国家目的是追求终极的善。持这种政治观的人通常相信人的理性是万能的,他们对人类认识和改造世界的能力抱有绝对的信心,相信通过人不断地努力,可以使世界趋于至善。凡是恶的东西,无论这种恶来自于社会还是来自于个人,都应该将其铲除干净。这种政治观经常是政权更替"已开始又未完成"时期的产物,具有标志意义。

The article takes Augustinus and Rousseau as examples to explain the active political idea. This political idea features the pursuit of the ultimate good in politics. Those who hold this idea usually believe that human reason is all-capable and are absolutely confident in human ability of understanding and changing the world. They believe that the world will be better and finally reach its 'ultimate-good' through human striving. All evils, wherever they may exist, in society or in human nature, should be eradicated thoroughly. The active political idea is often the product of supersession of political powers that has began but not yet been accomplished, and thus has a symbolizing significance.