行政诉讼司法变更的理论基础

The Theoretical Basis for the Jurisdiction to Modify Administrative Acts

在现代法治国家 ,行政自由裁量权已成为行政权的重要特征和发展趋势 ,而对行政自由裁量权最有力和最有效的监督是司法监督 ,在我国体现为人民法院通过行使司法变更权对行政自由裁量权进行监督。我国行政诉讼法第 5 4条的规定 ,为司法变更行为提供了法律依据 ,司法变更行为是司法权对行政自由裁量权的完全审查。本文拟从法治主义、权力分工与制约、司法自治原理的视角对司法变更行为的存在给予理论上的分析。

Discretion in administration has been the significant characteristic and general tendency of executive authority in the modern rule-of-law states. It is judicial supervision, as jurisdiction to modify administrative acts in our country, that can supervise discretion in administration most powerfully and effectively. Article 54 of the Administrative Procedure Law provides legal basis for the jurisdiction to modify administrative acts, which means full judiciary review on the administrative discretion. This article tries to make a theoretical analysis on the existence of jurisdiction to modify administrative acts from the perspective of constitutionalism, separation and restriction of powers and judicial independence.