食品包装污染物研究进展

Research of Pollution in Food Package

PVC包装纸中含有14％～38％增塑剂，这些增塑剂大多是环境内分泌干扰物(environmental endocrine disruptors，简称EEDs)，它们能够改变内分泌系统的正常功能并可对未受损的器官或其后代产生负面影响。这些增塑剂主要通过食品包装材料进入食品。新生儿和发育期的器官对EEDs是最敏感的，因为婴儿通过母乳受到的污染量约为成人平均水平的10～20倍，婴儿在其生命的第一年将获得其一生中所得总量的10％；激素功能的变化能够导致一系列的不良效应，此类效应可以是肉眼可见的或是细微的、功能性的或结构性的，还有许多效应是近期无法觉察的，这些潜在影响随种群、性别、年龄、剂量和暴露时间长短而异。EEDs是高脂溶而非水溶性的，主要污染鱼、肉、蛋及乳制品。人体的脂肪组织、血液和母乳中均可检出。另外，孕期妇女也是敏感人群，因为她们的暴露直接导致婴儿的暴露。

Foods are packaged to protect them and keep them in good condition while they are delivered to shops, stacked on shelves or stored at home. Packaging functions perform to preserves food, and protect food from contamination or damage, to carry the identification and description of the contents, to provides visible evidence as to whether the package has been tampered with, to reduces household waste by providing only the edible part of foods. The outer packaging is an essential means of transporting to retail stores large quantities of the packs for stacking on shop shelves.