论节日的文化功能

On the Cultural Functions of Festival

节日是文化系统的重要组成部分,它根植于文化土壤之中,以特定的仪式纵向传承并横向传播文化,对文化系统的运行起着不可替代的效用。从民俗学、社会学、文化人类学的角度来看,节日是对既有文化系统诸要素之间关系的民俗式的记录与解读,又是历史的抽象化的现实影像;节日是对既有文明的认定与维护,是文化传播与传承的媒介与工具,又是对民众施以文化濡化的重要途径。面对中国社会转型期节日发展的新趋势,理论结合实际进行探讨,能更好地发挥节日的文化功能。

Festival is an important and inseparable part of culture and functions for transmitting cultural elements in its own ways. From the perspective of folklore, sociology and cultural anthropology, festival is regarded as a folk record and interpretation of cultural elements and the actual image of the abstract history. Festival is the recognition and maintenance of the established civilization and the medium and tool of cultural transmission and inheritance, and exerts its influence in a given society. This paper discusses the implementation of the festival's cultural functions in the transitional period of China.