昆虫抗菌肽基因表达调控机理

THE REGULATORY MECHANISM OF EXPRESSING INSECT ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES

昆虫先天免疫应答主要通过模式识别受体识别入侵微生物 ,激活Toll和Imd信号途径 ,通过NF -κB样转录因子调控抗微生物肽基因的表达 ,合成高效广谱的抗微生物多肽 ,杀灭外源微生物。本文以果蝇的两个信号途径为例 ,通过与哺乳动物的TLR (Toll-likereceptor)和TNFR (tu mour-necrosisfactorreceptor)信号途径的比较 ,我们综述了昆虫免疫应答的激活机理的新近研究成果 ,并讨论了Toll和Imd信号途径的进化关系和昆虫模式识别受体的功能分类。

The innate immune responses of insects are mainly involved in recognizing microbial invaders by PRRs (pattern recognition receptors), activating the Toll and Imd signaling pathways, transcribing anti-microbial genes by a like nuclear factor kB (NF-kB), synthesizing efficient and broad-spectrum anti-microbial peptides and eventually killing the microbial invaders. Taking two signaling pathways of Drosophila melanogaster as an example and In this paper and comparing them with two signaling pathway of mammalians, TLR (Toll-like receptor) and TNFR (tumour-necrosis factor receptor), this paper reviews the recent advances in researches of the activation mechanism of entomic immune responses, discusses the evolution of Toll and Imd signaling pathways, and introduces the classification of pattern recognition receptors in insects.