第三代头孢菌素临床治疗伤寒的若干问题

Some Problems about Clinical Therapy of Typhoid Fever with Third Generation of Cephalosporin

介绍了头孢噻肟、头孢哌酮,拉他霉素、头孢三嗪及头孢他定等第三代头孢菌素在治疗伤寒方面的药理学优势和临床应用的进展.第三代头孢菌素治疗伤寒的主要要应症为:(1)多重耐药伤寒曹株引起的严重感染;(2)并发脑膜炎、骨髓炎、肺炎等;(3)伴有免疫缺陷或中性粒细胞减少的患者;(4)伴有肾功能不全的患者;(5)婴儿、儿童和孕产妇患者.对于多重耐药菌株所致的重症伤寒,第三代头孢菌素尚可与另一种有协同作用的抗生素联合用药.

The advances of pharmaclogic advantage and clinical application of the third generation of cephalosporin (cefotaxime, cefoperazone, moxalactam, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime) in treating typhoid fever were reviewed in this paper. The main indications of the third generation of cephalosporin in typhoid fever were considered as follows: 1)The in-patients with severe infection caused by multiresistant strains of typhoid: 2)The in-patients with complicated meningitis, osteomyelites or pneumonia etc; 3)The patients with immune dificiency or granu- locytopenia: 4)The patients with renal insufficiency: 5)It is particularly appropriate to infants, children and parturients. The third generation of cephalosporin could combine with one of the synergistic antibiotics in therapy of severe typhoid fever resulted from multiresistant strains.