运动员注意优先效应的初步研究被引量：14

Study of Athletes′ Attention Priority

下载PDF

导出

摘要通过考察分心刺激数量、目标-线索一致性和目标特征来探讨运动员视觉选择性注意中的优先效应,力图对运动员的信息加工能力从注意认知的角度提供新视角。实验采用3×2×2被试内设计。结果表明:有效线索提示和新异目标具有注意优先权,有效线索-新异目标>无效线索-新异目标>有效线索-非新异目标>无效线索-非新异目标;运动员具有较好的视觉选择注意加工能力,能充分利用现有的诸多信息进行合理有效的整合加工和决策,调整自己注意的范围和焦点。 The present study was intended to research visual attention priority of athletes according to three factors-number of distracters, consistency of cue-target and singleton or non-singleton. The results showed that stimulus with consistency of cue-target and singleton had attentive priority. The stimulus with different features had different attentive priority, that is consistent singleton>inconsistent singleton>consistent non-singleton> inconsistent non-singleton. Athletes have better attention processing ability of visual information. They can process visual information effectively, adjusting their attention focus.

作者廖彦罡张学民葛春林

机构地区北京体育大学研究生院北京师范大学心理学院

出处《西安体育学院学报》北大核心 2004年第6期105-108,共4页 Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

关键词运动员优先效应视觉选择注意信息加工能力多因素方差分析正确率反应速度 : Athletes visual selective attention attention priority

分类号 G804.8 [文化科学—运动人体科学]

引文网络
相关文献

参考文献12

1Yantis, S.& Johnson, D. N. Mechanisms of attentive priority[J].Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance,1990, 16(4): 812-825.
2Christopher, Sears & Zenon, Multiple object tracking and attentive processing[J].Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology,2000, 54(1): 1-14.
3Pylyshyn, Z. W. Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention[J]. Cognition,1994, 50(1-3): 363-384.
4Yantis, S. & Jonides, J. Abrupt visual onsets and selective attention: Evidence from visual search[J]. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance,1984, 10(3): 601-621.
5Nougier, et al. The development of expertise in the orienting of attention[J].International Journal of Sport Psychology,1999,(30):246-260.
6Umilta. Attention in sports: futher lines of research[J].International Journal of Sport Psychology,1991:22,328-333.
7Castiello&Umilta. Orienting of attention in volleyball players[J]. International Journal of Sport Psychology,1992,(23):301-310.
8Nougier,et al. Orienting of attention with highly skilled athletes[J].International Journal of Sport Psychology,1989,(20):205-223.
9Nougier ,et al. Information processing in sport and orienting of attention[J]. International Journal of Sport Psychology,1991,(22):307-327.
10Tenenbaum,et al, Detection of targets and attentive flexibility; can computerized simulation account for developmental and skill-level differences?[J]. International Journal of Sport Psychology,1999,(30):261-282.