对公证的证据学思考

Thoughts on the Notarization Proof Law

公证是国家授权的专门机构和人员依法定程序对有法律意义的行为、事件和文书进行居中证明、监督,并赋予其特定法律效力的活动。公证的效力通常包括证据效力、强制执行效力和法律行为成立要件效力三个方面。公证文书之所以比其他普通文书具有较高的效力,就在于公证文书的真实性、合法性。如果缺少调查取证,就会削弱公证的证据效力。实际中,存在着公证文书与一般书证的区别、公证事实与法律推定事实的区别、民事诉讼法中关于举证推翻公证证明的规定与举证责任倒置的区别的情况。公证立法过程中应明确公证处的调查取证权及调查取证程序,以增强立法的保障与规范性。

Notarization is an activity that states awards some person or specialized department to give proof and make supervision according to the legal process. Notarial effect usually contains the following three aspects: proof effect, executive effect and the necessary conditions of the law action . Notarial document, as a notarial carrier , is of higher effect than other ordinary ones , because that notarial document is of authenticity and legality . the proof effect of the notarization can be weakened without investigation and proof . In practice, There are differences betvveen the notarial document and the common -written certificates , between the notarial fact and the law inference fact , and those between the stipulations in the civil action about the given proof responsibility . Notarial department should make clear of the proof given right and the proof investigating process, so as to enhance the valid and standard of legislation.