黄淮海平原节水农作制的水氮耦合效应分析

Analysis on the effect of water and nitrogen coupling in the Save-water-farming-sytems in Hang-huai-hai plain

作者以黄淮海平原典型的小麦玉米两熟农作制为案例,进行了水氮耦合试验。结果表明,在同一施氮水平上,麦玉产量随着灌水量增加而增加,灌2水比灌1水,产量增加幅度是2.60%～14.45%,浇水3次的麦玉产量与灌水2次的基本持平或略有下降。因此,以小麦灌2水处理最好;在同一水处理上,麦玉产量随着施氮量的增加而增加,当施氮量增加到22.5kg/667m2时产量达到最高,施氮水平增加到30.kg/667m2时,有所下降。因此,以单位耕地施氮22.5kg/667m2最佳。水分利用效率与麦玉产量具有相同的变化趋势。所以,以小麦灌2水,单位耕地施氮22.5kg/667m2时作物产量和水分利用效率最好,此时对小麦而言可节水50m3/667m2左右。

The author made experiments on water and nitrogen coupling,on the basis of farm systems of wheat and corn in Huang-huai-hai plain.The results showed that the yield of wheat and corn increased with the amount of irrigation on the same level.The yield that irrigated two times during the wheat growing season was 2.60% ～14.45% more than that irrigated one time.But the yield that irrigated three times during the wheat growing season was not more than that of irrigating two times.At the same irrigating level of nitrogen,the yield of wheat and corn rose with the amount of applying nitrogen.When the output reached highest,the amount of applying nitrogen was 22.5 kg per 667 m^2.When the amount of applying nitrogen was 30.0 kg per 667 m^2,the yield decreased by 7.28%-8.77%.The trend of water using efficiency changed with the same of yield at the same level of applying nitrogen and irrigating water.According to the result,the treatments of irrigating two times and applying nitrogen of 22.5 kg per 667 m^2 were the best.Therefore,50m^3 per 667m^2 was saved.