海德格尔思想的佛学因缘

The Buddhistical Causes (hetupratyaya) of Heidegger's Thought

本文是对海德格尔与佛家思想的关系的一个尝试性探讨。这个探讨的主要目的并不在于对海德格尔思想作发生学意义上的考证,而是更多偏重于从佛教哲学的角度来理解海德格尔的一些基本思想。因此,海德格尔思想与佛教思想之间的历史实际关联在这里并不是至关重要的,核心的问题毋宁说在于:海德格尔思想与佛教思想之间是否存在着他所承认的那种"深藏的亲缘关系"以及他所指出的那种"深层对话"的可能性。探讨的结果表明,海德格尔在与东方思想、尤其是佛教思想的相遇中所表达的误解多于理解,但在开启西方与远东之间对话上,海德格尔的确比其他任何欧洲哲学家都做得更多。

This article is a tentative investigation of the relationship between Heidegger and the Buddhistical thought. The main goal of this study does not lie in the textual research on the genesis of Heidegger's thought, but rather more in laying stress on the understanding of some of Heidegger's basic thoughts from the angle of Buddhist philosophy. Therefore, the actual and historical connection between the thought of Heidegger and that of Buddhism is here not at stake, the central question rather lies in whether there exist a kind of 'consanguineous relationship concealed deeply', which Heidegger recognized, and a possibility of 'deep interlocution', which he pointed out, between the thought of Heidegger and that of Buddhism. The investigation turns out to show that Heidegger has expressed more misunderstanding than understanding in his encounter with the Eastern thought, particularly with the Buddhist thought. But as far as the opening of the dialogues between the West and the Far East is concerned, Heidegger indeed has made much more contribution than any other European philosophers.