伍德罗·威尔逊政府承认中华民国问题再研究

A Re-examination of Woodrow Wilson's Recognition of the Republic of China

本文运用美国外交决策分析中的相关理论对美国伍德罗·威尔逊政府在1913年承认中华民国的政策进行了再研究。总统威尔逊之所以不顾其他列强的反对,放弃大国协商一致的原则,率先承认中华民国,主要出于扩大在华的思想与文化影响和支持中国共和运动的考虑。威尔逊政府对中华民国的承认是美国外交政策中意识形态影响战胜经济与地缘政治利益,或者说是理想政治战胜现实政治的一个典型个案。

The author employs the theories of cognitive psychology and policymaking process to make a reexamination of President Wilson's policy of recognition of the Republic of China in 1913.According to the paper, it is motivated by expanding the American moral and cultural influence on China and supporting the Chinese republican movement rather than pursuing the economic and strategic interests that President Wilson disregarded the strong opposition from other Powers and took the lead in recognizing the new republic government of China. Wilson's initiative was a typical case in which Idealpolitik triumphs over the Realpolitik in the shaping of US foreign policy.