先秦社会对工匠技术的态度

Xianqin Dynasty's policy toward craftsmanship

本文认为,崇尚巧技是古代工匠的职业特性,家传家教是先秦手工业技术发展的主要方式。先秦社会对工匠技术的态度有正反两个方面:一方面,为了满足社会的需要,先秦统治者对工匠采取过一定程度的奖励和保护政策,这对手工业技术的发展有积极的促进作用;外一方面,出于种种原因,先秦社会对工匠的技术活动又加以某种程度的限制,这对手工业技术的发展有不利影响。先秦社会是用实用主义观点衡量工匠技术成果的社会价值的。

It is pointed out in the paper that advocacy of fine craftsmanship is characteristic of ancient craftsmen, and that family education and craftsmanship handed down in the family are main means to develop craftsmanship. Rulers of Xianqin Dynasty adotped a policy of encouraging by giving awards and protecting its further development. On the other hand, certain restrictions were placed on craftsmen's technological activities. Pragmatism was a yardstick to measure the fruits of craftsmanship at that time.