突现论与心身问题

Emergentism & Problem of Mind and Body

突现论是事物形成发展的一种普遍模式,达尔文的解释范式是其思维范式的基础,生物突变论是其产生的现实根源。突现论的心身理论一方面坚持心理现象与生理现象的同一性,属于同一的物质世界;另一方面又强调前者对后者的依赖性,有不同于后者的特殊本质。这一理论比较清楚地揭示了意识活动的本质,但有欠缺,只有从系统论、唯物史观以及发生学的角度才能更好地阐明意识活动的本质;这一理论提出了意识的反作用问题,但未能对之作真正的解决。为此,本文从功能对结构发生反作用的机制的角度来探讨意识的反作用问题。

Emergentism is a general mode of things forming and developing. Darwin's explaining model was the foundation of its thinking mode while emergent evolutionism in biology was the realistic spring. On the one hand, the theory of mind and body on the basis of emergentism insists that mentality is the identity of physiology, and both belong to the material word. On the other hand, it emphasizes that the former depends on the latter but has its own special nature that differs from the latter's. Although it illuminated the nature of mind activity, it had some shortcomings. And it is better to clarify it from the view of bigger system and materialist dialectics. The theory also argued about the reaction of mind, but could not deal with it. So the author studies the reaction of mind on the basis of the reaction mechanism of function to structure.