破产法立法若干重大问题的国际比较

International Comparison: Several Major Issues in the Legislation of Bankruptcy

中国新破产法的起草正处于一个关键的时期。在破产法起草中存在一些关键的、重大的、有争议的问题,这些问题主要可以归纳为以下九方面:为什么要制定破产法、破产法的立法结构、适用范围、破产原因、破产管理人制度、企业重整制度、破产财产清偿顺序、金融机构等特殊主体破产以及跨境破产等。就这些内容对美国、英国、澳大利亚、德国、法国、日本、俄罗斯等国的破产法律制度以及中国目前的新破产法草案进行比较研究,可以对中国新破产法的制定提供借鉴。

It is the critical period for drafting the new bankruptcy law. There are some key, major and controversial questions in drafting the bankruptcy law, which are categorized in the following nine aspects: the reason why to make a bankruptcy law; the legislative structure of the bankruptcy law; the scope of application; the reason of bankruptcy; the institute of bankruptcy administrant; the institute of enterprise reforming; the order of discharging bankruptcy property; the bankruptcy of the special subjects such as financial organizations; cross-boundary bankruptcy, etc. A comparative study has been done on the bankruptcy legal systems of the United States, Britain, Australia, Germany, France, Japan, Russia, etc. and the new draft of the bankruptcy law of China as well. Such comparison has provided reference for making the new bankruptcy law of China.