影响锯缘青蟹幼体成活的几个因素

Factors affecting survival rate of mud crab Scylla serrata larvae

本文对海捕和养殖的锯缘青蟹抱卵及胚胎发育情况进行了观察 ,并对幼体饵料营养强化、适口性、幼体的培育方式等进行了研究。结果表明 :自然海区捕获的亲蟹其抱卵率和幼体质量要好于人工养殖的亲蟹 ;胚胎发育的最适盐度为 2 8～ 33,最适温度为 2 6～ 30℃ ;状幼体Ⅴ期和大眼幼体时期摄食的饵料以边缘毛状的活体为佳 ,便于抱握 ;状幼体Ⅴ期起应降低苗池中的直射光 ,投饵多餐少量 ,增加附着面积 。

This paper deals mainly with the study of the egg-bearing mud crab Scylla serrata Forsskl, salinity and temperature of embryonic development, nutritional enrichment of diet for larvae, and effect of rearing method on the survival of larvae. The research we have done indicated that fecundity rate of wild-caught mud crab and larval quality were better than that of cultured broodstock; the optimum salinity for embryonic development was 28-33‰ and the optimum temperature 26-30℃; larvae at Z 5 stage and megalopa liked to feed on diets with granular surface; the illumination should be controlled from the beginning of Z 5 stage in order to reduce the cannibalism of larvae by more frequency in feeding with less quantity and increasing adhesive area.