仁慈抑或正义——现代社会保障的道德基础

Benevolence or Justice: the Moral Basis of Modern Social Security System

社会保障作为一项社会安全制度 ,需要道德的辩护与支持。仁慈因其非约束性、等级次第性并带有施舍色彩的天然弱点 ,使其不能成为现代社会保障制度的道德基础 ,而正义则以其“应得”和“法度”的内涵获得了构成社会保障道德根基的资格。然而 ,正义的社会保障制度 ,仍需仁慈为其运行提供必要的道德心理支持。

Being a social system of safety, the social security needs a defence and support of morality. The benevolence can't be the moral basis of modern social security system for its natural defects of properties of unrestraint and rank and a flavor of alms, but the justice acquires the qualification of which is made the moral basis of social security with its 'deserved' and 'rule and standard'. However, the social security system of justice still requires that the benevolence provides necessary psychological support for its operation.