统购统销——建国初期统制经济思想的体现

State Monopoly for Purchase and Marketing——Manifestation of the Thoughts about Controlling the Economy in the Early Period of New China

1953年,中央制定了具有统制经济思想的统购统销政策。它的制定是为了解决粮食供求紧张的问题,掌握粮食,控制农业生产和经营,而不仅是为工业发展积累超额资金。后经毛泽东的理论提升,统购统销政策又成为社会主义经济的重要分支,并演变成深刻影响中国经济发展的重要制度,在一定程度上反映了当初中央领导对社会主义经济运行模式的理解。

In 1953, the central government constituted the policy of state monopoly for purchase and marketing. The policy was used for eliminating the scarcity of foodstuff. The aim was not to accumulate the excess capital for the industrial development, but to hold the foodstuff and to control the agricultural production and operation. Through the upgrade work of Mao, the policy became one important foliation of the then socialism economy and came to being the important economic system that had great impacts on the Chinese economy. The policy reflects the understanding of the leaders about the functional model of the socialism economy.