苏丹草在塔里木河下游地区的栽培试验

Experiment on Cultivating Sorghum sudanense in the Lower Reaches of the Tarim River

2002-2003年在地处塔里木河下游的新疆生产建设兵团农二师33团五里村试验区,对苏丹草(Sorghumsudanense)进行了栽培试验。结果表明,苏丹草种子对Na2SO4,NaCl的耐盐性高于苜蓿;每年可刈割4-5茬,年产鲜草91 369.85-138 506.90 kg／hm2,生育期比新疆北部地区栽培提前了22-25 d,产草量提高了7 059.85-54 196.90 kg／hm2;在4种不同的微肥处理下,施用万物春效果最佳,可大大提高苏丹草的产草量。

In this paper, the experiment on cultivating Sorghum sudanense in the lower reaches of the Tarim River is carried out. The experimental area (40°47′N, 87°13′E, 846 m a. s. l. ) is located in the northeast marginal zone of the Tarim Basin. In the area the annual precipitation and evaporation vary in ranges of 17-34.7mm and 2 408 - 2 671 mm respectively, the annual air temperature is 10. 8℃, the average diurnal nocturnal temperature difference if 16. 7℃, the accumulated temperature of≥10℃ varies in a range of 4 169℃-4 218℃, the total solar radiation is 6 180 MJ/m2, the sunshine duration is 3 000 hours, and the frost-free period is 175-195 days. The experiment on cultivating Sorghum sudanense in the lower reaches of the Tarim River was carried out during the period of 2002 - 2003, the results show that the salt tolerance capability of Sorghum sudanense to Na2SO4 and NaCl is higher than that of Medicago L. Sorghum sudanense can be cut for 4-5 crops, its annual fresh herbage yield can be up to 91 365. 85-138 506. 90 kg/hm2, its phenological period in the experimental area is 22-25 days shorter and its yield is 7 059. 85-54 196.90 higher than that in north Xinjiang. The experiment reveals that Sorghum sudanense is one of the herbage species with good adaptability and can be extensively planted in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River.