优秀女子射箭运动员10年训练中人格变化与训练策略

Study on the Personality Characteristics and Training Countermeasures for Women Archery Elites in Ten Years of Training

采用心理测量与个案研究法探讨射箭运动员人格特征与训练策略问题,研究对象为5名优秀女子射箭运动员,整个研究历时10年,结果表明:(1)5名优秀女子射箭运动员的人格都不同,差异较大;(2)在10年训练中,4名选手的人格变化有一种相似的趋势,即情绪向不稳定方向发展;(3)根据人格特征提出并实施相应的训练策略是行之有效的,是射箭运动员科学训练的重要内容;(4)训练型与比赛型射箭运动员的差异有其生物学基础;(5)不同人格的射箭运动员存在抗应激能力与动作本体感觉能力之间的补偿现象。

By using the methods of psychological measures and case study, the personality characteristics and training countermeasures for women archery elites in 10 years of training has been studies. The research took 10 years to study the subject of five female archery elites. The results indicate that: 1) there are some differences in the personality characteristics of 5 female archery elites; 2) there is a kind of similar tendency in four of their personality characteristics in 10 years of training. The tendency is that their emotions changed from stable to unstable in this period; 3) it is practical and effective to apply the relative training countermeasures to the different personality characteristics of archers, it is also an important content of archer's scientific training; 4) there is a solid biological basis in the archer's differences of training type and competition type; 5) a kind of compensation phenomenon exists between anti-stress and kinesthetic for the different personality archers. The preliminary results can provide the reference for the archer's in future training and competition.