伤寒Vi疫苗效果观察对象社会经济与行为学的研究

Study on socio-economy and socio-behavior of target population in Typhoid Vi vaccine trial

目的掌握疫苗观察对象的生活水平、消费行为、居住环境等社会经济活动情况 ,为正确评价疫苗效果提供科学依据。方法采用国际疫苗研究所统一制订的调查表 ,上门逐户调查研究人群39050户共135737人 ,用统计学方法分析观察人群的生活水平、消费行为、居住环境等社会经济活动的差异性。结果在当地居住5年以上的户口占82.4 % ;家庭主要职业 ,城市以上班族为多 ,占35.2% ,农村以农民为主 ,占56.9 % ;家庭每月平均收入城市为1338元、农村为794元。城市家庭每月平均支出为896元、农村为481元 ,其中食品支出占总收入的43% ,其次为房租 ;住房情况城市优于农村 ,城市有80%的家庭拥有3间以上住房 ,而农村只有50% ;城市家庭拥有私人住房的占74.4 % ,农村占69.5 % ;城市主要以私人汽车及摩托车作为交通工具 ,而农村则为自行车 ;城市家庭以电视机、沙发、电冰箱、自行车为四大件 ,电视机、自行车为农村的两大件。结论疫苗观察人群的平均生活水平远远低于全国平均生活水平 ,属于恩格尔系数划分的低层次小康标准。对于科学实施疫苗效果的观察来说 ,仍不失为一个条件适宜 ,生活水平、消费行为、生活环境相对平衡的自然群体 ,上述调查内容也是一项科学研究必不可少的本底调查。

Objective To understand the living standard,consumption behavior,living environment of target population in Typhoid Vi vaccine trial and to provide the scientific evidence for the evaluation of the effec-tiveness of Vi vaccine.Methods Using unified questionnaire to interview households door by door,39,050households with a135,737population were interviewed.The differentia of living standard,consumption behavior,living environment of target population was analyzed by statistics method.Results82.4%of households had been living in studide area for5years or more than5years;Occupation of the head of the household:35.2%were office workers in city and56.9%were peasants in rural ares;The average household income per month was1338Yuan in city and794Yuan in rural area,respectively.The average household expenditure per month was896Yuan in city and481Yuan in rural area respectively.Of all expenditure,food expenditure was count for the most,which reached43%and household rent expenditure ranked second.The living condition of household in cyty was better than that in rural area,80%households in city had3rooms,but only50%households had3rooms in rural area.74.4%households in city had private houses and69.5%in rural area.Personal car and motorcycle were mainly used as transportation means in city,bicycle was mainly transportation means in rural area.Televi-sion,sofa,refrigerator,bicycle were most common4cost living items for most of households in city,and televi-sion,bicycle were most common2cost living items in rural area.Conclusion The average living standard of target population is much lower than the national average living standard.According to Engel coefficient,it belongs to low level of well-off standard.For vaccine trial,the studied population is a rather stable and balanced nature group.This study to get the basic demographic and economic data is a rationale for launching a vaccine trial.