1952～2003年陕西省检出布鲁氏菌特性分析

Analysis on the characteristics of the strains of Brucella isolated in Shaanxi during 1952-2003

目的总结陕西省1952～2003年的布鲁氏菌检出结果,系统分析布鲁氏菌病的流行状况及病原学研究进展.方法把全省历年布鲁氏菌病检菌资料分为1952～1981、1982～1991和1992～2003年3个阶段进行统计分析.结果52年来,陕西省从8个地市5种宿主的不同材料中共分离出3种228株布鲁氏菌,其中羊种菌222株,牛种和犬种菌各3株;自人、羊、鹿、犬、牛分离到的菌株数分别为185、24、15、3和1;1991年以前分离的羊种菌为1、2型,而1996年以后则为羊1、3型.对15株羊种菌进行毒力测定,均为强毒株.结论陕西省是以羊种为主的羊、牛、犬种布鲁氏菌病混合疫区.流行菌株毒力强,有严重的致病性.陕北、关中疫情严重,陕南存在犬种布鲁氏菌病疫源地.发现羊种菌有宿主转移现象.

Objective To know the state of brucellosis prevalence and the progress of brucellosis pathogeny research in Shaanxi during 1952-2003. Methods All information of the isolated strains of Brucella in the province were divided into three stages of 1952 -1981,1982 -1991 and 1992 -2003 to analyze. Results 228 strains of Brucella made up of 222 B.melitensis, 3 B.abortus and 3 B.canis were isolated from 5 variant hosts at 8 cities in Shaanxi during 52 years. 185 strains of Brucella were from patients,and 24 from goats and sheeps, 15 from deers,3 from dogs,and 1 from a cow. Strains of B.melitensis Ⅰ,Ⅱwere isolated before 1991, but B.melitensis Ⅰ, Ⅲ after 1996. 15 strains of B.melitensis were tested and had high virulence. Conclusions There are 3 speices of Brucella, B.melitensis, B.abortus and B.canis, causing brucellosis in Shaanxi, and B.melitensis is the main pathogen. Brucellosis is in severe epidemic situation in the north and middle part of the province. B.canis brucellosis exists in the south. It's found that some strains of B.melitensis are isolated from deers but not sheeps or goats.