内蒙古中西部草原主要植物的丛枝菌根及其结构类型研究

Arbuscular mycorrhizae and their structural types on common plants in grasslands of mid-western Inner Mongolia

20 0 2年 6 - 9月 ,对内蒙古中西部草原建群植物及优势植物的丛枝菌根共生状况进行了调查。在观察的 2 8科 12 5种植物中 ,被丛枝菌根真菌侵染的植物有 10 4种 (占 83.2 % ) ;在过去认为不能侵染的莎草科植物中发现卵穗苔草 (Carexduriuscula)和黄囊苔草 (C .korshinskyi)有侵染现象。在所调查的植物中 ,多年生草本和灌木类植物被丛枝菌根真菌侵染的比例较高 ,占被调查该类植物总数的 90 .4 % ;而一年生和二年生草本植物被侵染的比例仅为 4 7.6 %。本地区野生植物的丛枝菌根结构类型多数为Arum类型 ,占 6 5 .38% ,尤其在百合科 (Liliaceae)、菊科 (Composi tae)、豆科 (Leguminosae)和蔷薇科 (Rosaceae)植物中比例较高 ;而Paris类型仅有 19.2 3% ,多见于禾本科 (Gramineae)、唇形科 (Labiatae)、桔梗科 (Campanulaceae)和百合科。丛枝菌根的结构类型与植物的根系类型、生活型和菌根侵染率无关 。

We collected and studied 125 plant species from grasslands in the middle and western regions of Inner Mongolia, of which 104 species (83.2%), including two from the genus Carex, were infected by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The colonization rate of AM fungi was higher in perennial and brush species (90.4%) than in annual and biennial plants (47.6%). Most wild plant species in the survey belonged to the Arum-type (65.38%), whereas only 19.23% belonged to the Paris-type. The intermediate type and undetermined type accounted for 10.58% and 4.81%, respectively. The results show that the structural type of AM fungi depends on the family and genus that their host plants belong to, rather than on the root forms, life forms and colonization rates of their host plants.