鲁西黄牛血液蛋白多态性及表型特征的研究

The Blood Protein Polymorphism and Appearance Characters of Luxi Cattle

以中产区简单随机抽样在山东省鄄城县和梁山县共抽取鲁西黄牛90头,用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)和水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术检测21个编码血液蛋白(酶)的结构基因座,并观察其外形特征,结果表明:在所检测的21个基因座中,有9个存在多型,多态位点百分比为42.86%,群体内遗传变异水平相对较高,平均杂合度为0.1416;证实了鲁西黄牛是北方牛和南方牛的混血种,同时可能还含有巴厘牛的血统;但目前应扩大保种群的数量,以维持群体内的遗传多样性。

A total of 90 individuals Luxi cattle from Juanchen county and Liangshan county, Shandong province, were sampled by simple random sample in typical colony. 21 blood proteins and enzymes loci were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and starch gel electrophoresis(SGE), the appearance characters were recorded. The results showed that: 9 out of 21 loci were polymorphism(42.86%);the level of genetic variation in Luxi cattle population was high relatively, the mean hoterozygosity was 0.1416;The facts that Luxi cattle were crossing breed between the North cattle and South Cattle in China were proved and there were blood lineage of Bali cattle in Luxi cattle probably; Now the quantity of breeding population in Luxi cattle should been enlarged to maintain the genetic diversity level of population.