粘类小麦雄性不育系的细胞遗传学研究

The Cytogenetical Studies of Male Sterile Line of Nian Type in Wheat

以四类异质(粘果、易变、偏凸和二角山羊草)异核(224,90-110)小麦雄性不育系为母本,与生产上一系列小麦品种(系)进行杂交,系统调查了杂种F1代减数分裂中期I单价体频率及后期出现落后染色体及染色体桥频率,并对中、后期染色体变异率与杂种F1自交结实率进行了相关分析。结果表明:1其杂种F1自交结实率与其减数分裂中期的单价体频率及后期染色体变异率有一定的负相关,但未达到显著水平。而中期单价体频率及后期染色体变异率存在着正相关,且达显著水平;2异源细胞质对染色体配对的影响因父本遗传背景不同而不同;3粘类小麦雄性不育系杂种F1育性不仅与染色体配对有关,亦受环境及基因型的影响。

Hybridized wheat male sterile lines of identical nucleus 4 alien cytoplasms(Ae.kotschyi,Ae.variabilis,Ae.ventricoca,Ae.bicornis) and alien nuclei (224, 90-110) with a series of wheat varieties on produce.The chromosome mating behavior of F_1 at MI and AI was systematically investigated,and the relationship of the frequency of cells with abnormal chromosome at MI and AI and F_1 selfed seed set was analyzed.The results were as follows:①The F_1 selfed seed set of hybrids was negatively correlated to the frequency of cells with abnormal chromosome at MI and AI,but it is not prominent. The frequency of cells with univalent at MI was positively correlated to the frequency of cells with abnormal chromosome at AI, and it is significant. ②The effect of alien cytoplasms on chromosome mating is different because of the different genetic determinant of male parent. ③The fertility of hybrids F_1 concerns not only chromosome mating but also gene type and environment.