喜树种源苗期性状遗传变异研究

Study on Variations of Seedling-stage Trait of Camptotheca acuminata Provenances

在浙江湖州对来自广东、云南、福建等10个省的10个喜树种源进行种源试验,对1年生喜树苗期性状分析研究,结果表明:喜树种群内存在丰富的遗传变异,10个参试种源在苗高、地径、各器官生物量及叶片喜树碱含量、单株叶片喜树碱含量等指标上都存在显著或极显著的差异,其广义遗传力为0 527～0 989,这些差异主要受遗传因素制约;利用单株叶片喜树碱产量性状对药材喜树种源进行选择,初步筛选出江西南昌种源作为叶用优良种源,其单株叶片喜树碱产量超过对照浙江临安种源119 39%,单位面积喜树碱产量的遗传增益可望达到105 42%,能取得较理想的结果。

The provenance test on 10 provenances of Camptotheca acuminata from 10 provinces such as Guangdong Province, Yunnan Province, Fujian Province etc., was carried out in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Based on the investigation and analysis of traits in one-year-old seedling from different provenances, the results were showed as follows:Camptothecca acuminata had high level of genetic variation at the level of population. There were significant differences in such economic indexes as seedling height, diameter at the base, biomass of different organs, camptothecin concentration in leaf and camptothecin yield per seedling among 10 provenances in the experiment and the differences were mainly controlled by genetic factors, with different broad-sense heritabilities from 0.527 to 0.989. There was a very significant correlationship in biomass distribution among different organs of seedling. According to camptothecin yield per seedling,Jiangxi provenance was selected as a superior provenance for establishment of leaf-producing plantation of Camptotheca acuminata,which was 119.39% higher in camptothecin yield per seedling than that of the control provenance from Lin'an, Zhejiang Province. The genetic gain of camptothecin yield per unit area was expected to reach 105.42%,when Jiangxi provenance was used as plant material for establishment of leaf-producing plantation of Camptotheca acuminata.