狭带食蚜蝇的饲养研究初报

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON REARING OF SYRPHUS SERARIUS(DIPTERA:SYRPHIDAE)

本文报道了室内用茶蚜、桃蚜、菊蚜等3种蚜虫饲养狭带食蚜蝇取得比较满意的结果,幼虫存活率77.5～80%,蛹羽化率90.6～93.8%,子代卵孵化率89.6～92.4%,玫瑰冠蚜存活率仅40%,羽化率58%,子代卵孵化率无明显差异。在幼虫发育期中,前期用茶蚜饲养,后期改用玫瑰冠蚜饲养,对幼虫存活率及羽化率有影响.食料充足时,幼虫自残低,可以集体饲养.成虫用玉米花粉,10%蜜水及10%蔗糖水饲养时,证实了其产卵量、卵孵化率及其寿命均受补充营养物的影响,用玉米花粉饲养的成虫,平均产量卵894.6粒(最高1986粒),孵化率93.6%,雌雄成虫寿命分别为15.2和14.1天.交尾次数,产卵时间对孵化率均无影响.为使成虫正常产卵,除补充营养物外,提供带蚜植物也是必要的。以1:150的蝇蚜比释放3日龄幼虫防治茶蚜,茶蚜下降82.4～96.7%,效果显著.

In laboratory experiments the larvae of Syrphus serarius were reared with three species of aphids.Toxoptera aurantii,Myzus persioae and Aphis sp.The rates of larval surviving and adult emergence were 77.5～80%,90.6～92.4%, respectively.The larval surviving and adult emergence rates reduced to 40% and 58%,respectively when the larvae were reared with a different aphid, Myzephis rosarum.Feeding the larvae alternatively with suitable and unsuitable prey,i.e.with T.aurantii in the early larval stage and M.rosarum in the late stage,also affected the larval survival and adult emergenee rates.Larval cannibolization was reduced when adequate prey was provided,which made the mass rearing of this predater possible. S.serariu were reared with three different diet pollen of zea mays,10% honey solution and 10% sucosre solution,the adult fecundity,percentage of egg hatch and longevity of adults were influenced.Pollen of zea mays was the best among used diets,with which 894.6 eggs were laid per female(max.1589 eggs). the egg hatch rate was 93.6%,the longevity of the female and male was 15.2 and 14.1 days,respectively.The presence of aphids and its host plants was found to be necessary for normal oviposition of the adults. Releasing the 3th day old larvae at a predator prey ratio of 1:150 to control the aphid T.aurantil on tea garden resulted in a 82.4～96.7% reduction of the aphid population.