老年性痴呆与血管性痴呆智能障碍的比较研究

Intellectual Impairment Comparison Between the Senile Dementia and the Dementia Caused by Cerebrovascular Patients

本文应用长谷川痴呆评定量表、MMSE及Kohs立方体组合测验,对32例老年性痴呆、74例血管性痴呆及82例非痴呆老人进行了智能测查。结果发现,痴呆组三项测验成绩均显著低于非痴呆老人组。痴呆组成绩比较,同一严重程度的老年性痴呆与血管性痴呆三项测验得分比较均无显著性差异。不同严重程度的痴呆应用MMSE、长谷川痴呆量表的得分比较有显著性差异。轻度痴呆组得分最高,中度组次之,重度痴呆组得分最低。Kohs测验结果发现,轻度痴呆组得分显著低于非痴呆老人组。轻度与中度痴呆组、中度与重度痴呆组比较无显著性差异。这提示Kohs测验仅可作为轻度痴呆的筛查工具,对鉴别痴呆严重程度的临床价值不大。 本文结果还表明,三项测验有较好的正相关。测验成绩与诊断、疾病严重程度、文化程度有密切关系,与性别、年龄、职业、婚姻状况及病程等因素无关。

In this paper we used the Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS),MMSE and Kohs Block-design Test (KohsTest)to exam 32 senile dementia patients, 74 dementia caused by cerebrovascular disease and 82 non-dementiaelderly. The results showed that the scores of the three tests in the dementia group were significantly lower thanthat in the non-dementia group. In the dementia group,the scores of the three tests were statistically indifferentbetween the senile dementia and the dementia caused by cerebrovascalar disease of the same severity. Therewere significant difference of the scores of MMSE and HDS among the differently severe dementia group. Thescores of the cliniclly mild dementia group were low,the clinically moderate dementia group were lower, the clin-ically severe dementia group were the lowest. In the Kohs Test, there were no significantly different among thethree groups. This suggested that the Kohs test be a proper clinical scanning test for the dementia, but it had lit-tle value in differentiating the severity of the dementia. This study also showed that the three tests were correlated positively to each other. All tests scores werestatistically correlated with diagnosis, severity and educational level, but not correlated with sex, age,profession,course of illness and marital status.