外国留学生汉语学习目的研究

An investigation of the purposes of international learners of Chinese as a foreign language

本文对669名来华长期学习汉语的外国留学生进行问卷调查，旨在了解和分析他们的汉语学习目的。基于文献回顾，本文尽可能详细地收集了外语学习目的相关调查条目，并通过部分外国留学生的访谈和预试，确保了问卷调查条目的全面性和完整性。针对外国留学生的学习目的，本文采用因子分析法“自下而上”地进行归类和分析后发现：(1)外国留学生汉语学习目的主要包括五类：了解中国、便于工作、接受更多教育、融入中国文化(华裔学生)和便于在中国旅游(华裔学生)；(2)华裔与非华裔学生在学习汉语的目的上主要差异表现在融入性方面；(3)教师尚未全面了解学生真实的学习目的。

This study attempts to analyze the purposes of international learners of Chinese (ILC ) by means of questionnaires administered among 669 long-term ILC. The items included in the questionnaires were collected on the basis of a systematic literature review. The integrity of these items was ensured through interviews and pretests conducted among part of the testees. The learning purposes are categorized in a 'bottom-upper' approach. The results obtained in this study indicate: 1) The learning purposes of ILC fall into five types: to know more about China; to work more efficiently; to be better educated; to be integrated into Chinese culture (Chinese background ILC ) , and to travel in China ( Chinese background ILC); 2) Chinese background ILC differ from non-Chinese background ILC mainly in the view about integrating into Chinese culture; and 3) the teachers are generally not aware of the purposes for which ILC are learning Chinese in China.