《欧洲保护少数民族框架公约》评述

Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities: A Review

《欧洲保护少数民族框架公约》是世界上第一个致力于将少数民族保护作为人权保护不可分割的一部分的具有法律约束力的区域性多边条约。它产生于东欧剧变后 ,保护少数民族权利日显其对欧洲大陆的稳定、民主、安全与和平的重要性的背景下。它在《欧洲人权公约》的基础上 ,不仅明确赋予和承认了“属于少数民族的人”应享有的广泛权利 ,而且规定了缔约国在限制其可能对少数民族的利益造成损害的国家行为、采取积极措施提高少数民族的地位、保护和发展“属于少数民族的人”的权利方面的国家义务 ,其地位和作用十分重要 。

The Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities is a regional multi-convention and has its legal binding force. It first takes the protection ofthe national minorities as part of the protection of the human rights. Itwasestablished whenthe protection of the national minorities became more and more important for the stabilization, democracy, safetyand peace of Europeafter the EasternEurope changes. On the basis of EuropeanConvention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the framework convention recognizes that the persons belonging to national minorities enjoy wide-rangingrights. And it also stipulates the duties of the states to the treat in terms of the limitation ofthe state behaviors that may infringe the interests of the national minorities, and positive measures to promote the status of the national minorities, and protectionand development of the rights of the persons belongingto national minorities.