神明崇拜与传统社区意识——对闽西武北客家社区的田野调查研究

Worship of Gods and Traditional Sense of Community: A Fieldwork of the Hakka Community in Wubei area, West Fujian Province

神明崇拜与社区意识具有互为因果、互为表里的关系 ,是客家社会研究中的一个重要问题 ,但相关的研究迄今尚不多见。作者在长期田野调查的基础上 ,结合历史文献 ,试图对闽西武北传统客家社区的神明崇拜做一较为全面的考察。文章分析了武北社区神明崇拜的寺庙层次、组织结构、祭祀活动与仪式 ,以及与此相关的社区意义 ,特别是神明崇拜与宗族、村落、乡镇等多方面的关系。

Worship of gods interacts with traditional sense of community not only as cause and effect, but also as supplements. This is an important question in the Hakka society study, butthere were has been only fewstudies yet. The author has taken a long-term fieldworkfor the worship of gods inthe Hakka community in Wubei area (the areas of north Wuping county), west Fujian Province. On the basis of the resourcesof the fieldwork and some historical literature, this paper tries to take a general research. It analyzesthe levels of the temples, organizationalstructure, activitiesand ceremoniesof the sacrifice, and related community, especially the relationship of worship of gods and clan, villageand town.