湖泊和水库中甲基汞行为的多介质模型研究

Multimedia Environmental Model of Mercury Behavior in a Generic Lake and Reservoir System

以QWASI模型为例 ,简介了多介质环境数学模型 ,并运用模型对氯化甲基汞的行为进行了研究。计算结果表明 ,在环境条件满足一定要求的情况下 ,空气是水体中污染物的主要来源相 ,与文献报道一致。证实了多介质环境模型在湖泊和水库体系汞行为模拟中的适用性。通过对多个模型输入参数进行敏感度分析 ,发现污染物在空气中的背景浓度、水体流域面积、水中溶解度、年降雨量等较为重要。针对现有QWASI模型研究水体中汞行为的局限 。

A fugacity-based multimedia environmental model-QWASI was introduced and applied to CH_3HgCL. The capacity and suitability of the model in simulating the complex behavior of mercury in a lake and reservoir environment were demonstrated. The calculated results of the model indicated that the residence time of CH_3HgCl was rather long and in most cases the air phase was the major source of mercury for the water phase. A sensitivity analysis of the model was conducted and the result indicated that the background air concentration, surface area of water body, solubility in water and annual rainfall were more sensitive than other parameters. Finally, it was suggested that the existing QWASI model should be modified and augmented to properly simulate mercury's fate and transport in lake and reservoir system.