马克思晚年的一个重大探索：俄国公社前途与资本主义“卡夫丁峡谷”

A Significant Exploration of Karl Marx in His Late Years: The Future of Russian Commune and Capitalist “karvertin Canyon”

马克思《资本论》第一卷的发表在俄国引起震撼，俄国民粹派反对《资本论》关于由资本主义灭亡到社会主义建立的一般发展道路，认为俄国存在古老的农村公社及合作制，可以不必经过资本主义发展阶段直接进入社会主义。从而促使马克思对俄国公社前途进行探索。

The publication of the first volume of Karl Marx's work On Capital was a great shock to Russia. Russian peasant sects were opposed to the ordinary developmental road from the collapse of capitalism to the establishment of socialism proclaimed in Marx's work. They felt that there existed the traditional rural commune and cooperative system in Russia and they could directly enter socialist society without experiencing the stage of capitalist society. And this urged Karl Marx to explore the future of Russian Commune.