女性自我意识的缺失与儒家文化——从高明的《琵琶记》和南戏“四大传奇”谈起

Absence of feminine self-consciousness and its relation to Confucian culture

南戏的代表作品有高明的《琵琶记》和"四大传奇",其中反映出女性自我意识严重缺失,具体表现为:作品塑造了女性的依附人格,主张应为男性做自我牺牲;女性缺乏自我抗争精神,面对磨难选择了逆来顺受的人生态度;还表现为恪守封建妇德与女性"话语权"的失语。这种现象的形成,与儒家文化的影响有极大关联,受其影响而产生的封建伦理道德观念压抑了女性自我意识的觉醒。

Among the southern dramas, Gaoming's Tale of the Pipa and the 'four romances' can be regarded as representative works. Yet there is a lack of feminine self-consciousness in them which can be found as follows: the attached personality of women who sacrifice themselves for men; the lack of rebellious spirit in self-consciousness and the choice of submission in the face of adversity; adherence to feudalist virtues that results in the loss of 'discourse power'. All these are closely related to the influence of the Confucian culture which constrains the awakening of their self-consciousness.