大洋锰结核在功能性材料领域的应用前景与研究进展

Application Prospects and Investigation Progress on Manganese Nodules Used in Functional Material

综述大洋锰结核在用作功能性材料方面的研究进展及发展前景。锰结核的主要矿物是具有隧道孔结构的钙锰矿以及具有层状结构的似水锰矿和水钠锰矿。锰结核对常见的气体污染物、溶液中的重金属阳离子和过渡金属阴离子以及微生物等均有良好的吸附能力 ,在较低温度下对多种化学过程表现出相当高的催化活性和催化效率 ,在嵌入锂离子后具有较好的充放电可逆性。适当的前处理 ,可提高锰结核作为功能性材料的利用价值。

The investigation progress and the developing trends of the manganese nodules fr om ocean used in functional material are reviewed and prospected. The major com p onents of manganese nodules are todorokite with a tunnel-like structure and als o buserite and birnessite with layered structures. The nodules are capable for a d sorption of gas pollutants, heavy metal cations, transition-metal anions and mi c roorganisms, and with quite a high catalytic activity in many chemical processes at relative low temperature. While with lithium-impregnation, the manganese n od ules represent the outstanding reversibility and rechargeability. The performan c e of manganese nodules as functional material can be updated by properly pretrea tment.