信号交叉口人行横道处的行人可接受间隙研究

A Model of Pedestrian Gap Acceptance in Crosswalks at Signalized Intersections

在我国城市交叉口,大量行人与机动车的冲突导致了交叉口运行效率的下降,解决冲突问题是改善交叉口运行的一个重要方面。本文从信号交叉口处行人和机动车的冲突类型入手,利用Logit模型来描述行人选择间隙的行为。利用Track系统采集数据,标定车头时距、行人等待时间以及行人数量对行人选择间隙行为的影响系数。最后,通过对模型的检验和验证,证明该模型具有较好拟合度和预测精度。

The conflict between crowed pedestrians and vehicles is a typical condition at urban intersections in China,which decrease the capacity of intersections seriously.This paper summarized 3 types of conflict between vehicles and pedestrians.A binary Logit approach was selected to model pedestrian gap acceptance behaviors.Using Track which is a video software for collecting traffic flow data,the typical intersection was observed.Based on the survey three important parameters influencing the pedestrian gap acceptance:headway of vehicles,waiting time,number of waiting pedestrians,the pedestrian gap acceptance model was calibrated and validated.This model can predict the probability of gap acceptance.From the validation,the model is proved to be fit quite well with good precision.This strengthened the theoretic base for improving operation at signalized intersection in China.