试论辽东与辽东半岛山地石质化问题及其防治对策

A Study on the Prevention Tactics for Stonidation of the Mountainous Regions in Liaodong and It's Peninsula

辽东及辽东半岛山地面积5.4万km^2,占全省总面积的三分之一。植物资源丰富,植被覆盖率高,是我省主要木材生产和中部城市群水源涵养基地。由于长期以来对植被过度开发利用,植被面积减少,类型退化,功能下降,致使水土流失严重,约有6000km^2山地发生石质化,生态环境恶化。本文在调查研究的基础上,将本区山地石质化分为三个类型。重点论述了一直被误认为沙化,而实际是石砾化的过程。对产生山地石质化原因进行了分析,对主要植被类型进行了土壤侵蚀速率观测,估算了裸地临界值。

The area of liaodong and liaodong peninsula mountainous region is about 54 thousands Km^2, which covers the one third of total area of liaoning provi nee. Plant resources being abundant and vegetation coverage being high, it is the main base of timber production and water conservation to the cities in the middle part of Liaoning As a result of over exploiting, The area of vegetation are being decreased., Types become degraded and function is being declined, these not only leaded to soil and water loss seriously but also worstened the ecological environment, about 6000 km^2 mountainous region became stonidation. Based on the investi gation, this paper divided the stonidation of the mountainous region into three types, discussed the grave lidation, which was ever erroneously regarded as sandidation, analysed the reasons of stonidation, observed the soil eroding rate of sereral vegetation types, and estimated the bare land critical value.