陕西林区草兔空间格局及区域变化研究

Study on spatial distribution patterns and district variation of Lepus capensis in Shaanxi forest-land

陕西林区草兔的空间分布可以分为3种基本类型,其聚集度从南向北依次增强,聚集块大小为1～2hm2。草兔向食物丰富和隐蔽条件较好的林地相对集中的行为,使草兔在小样方中有聚集分布的趋势,且与密度有依赖性,同时由于各林区植被状况的差异,造成了不同林区空间分布的差异。随着取样大小的逐渐加大,样方内食物和景观的丰富度不断提高,食物条件和空间异质性对草兔分布的影响逐渐减弱,表现为均匀分布或随机分布。在密度或样方较小时,聚集块指标与其有较好的一致性,而在密度或样方较大时,聚集块指标与其一致性急剧下降,并逐渐接近其稳定值。

There are 3 basic types of Lepus capensis spatial distribution pattern in Shaanxi forest-land.Rabbit's collecting intensity gradually strengthens from south to north.And its crowding plot size is 1-2 hm^2.The rabbit relative concentration behavior in the forestry of food abundance and fine concealing conditions makes a trend of collecting distribution in the small samples,the trend depends on its density.Meanwhile,the vegetation condition's difference in the forest-land causes different spatial distributions.Due to the increase of sampling areas,food and spectacle inside the sampling areas are continuously abundant,the influence of the food condition and the spatial heterogeneity to the rabbit distribution gradually dies down,and rabbit performance is an even,or is a extraneous distribution.When the density is lower and the sampling area is smaller,the index of crowding plot has the good consistency with them,but when the density is higher and the sampling area is bigger,the index of crowding plot of continuity reduce quickly with them,also gradually runs to its steady-state value.