疏花疏果与套袋对枇杷果实生长与品质的影响

Effects of eliminating partial flowers and young fruits and bagging on growth and quality of loquat fruit

以13～14年生田中枇杷为材料,研究疏花疏果与套袋对枇杷果实生长及品质的影响,结果表明,疏花后可有效减少养分消耗,使座果率提高10.2%;枇杷疏果以每穗留3～5个果为宜,疏果后可使平均单果重和商品果率分别比对照提高13.4g和27.3%,锈斑果率、日灼果率和裂果率分别比对照降低12.4%,0.6%和9.7%;疏果后套袋可完全避免日灼的发生,锈斑果率由35.2%降低到0.9%,商品果率从57.8%提高到96.3%;同时可提高枇杷果实的可食率、可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量和糖酸比,有效改善果实品质、口感风味、色泽和贮藏性能。

Using 'Tianzhong' loquat tree of 13-14 years old as experimental material,the effects of eliminating partial flowers and young fruits and fruit bagging on growth and quality of 'Tianzhong' loquat were studied.The results show that consumption of nutrition can be reduced and the rate of bearing fruit can be raised after eliminating partial flowers.3 to 5 fruits per spikes should be retained when partial young fruits are been eliminated.The single fruit weight and the rate of marketable fruit increase respectively by 13.4 g and (27.3%) to control after eliminating partial young fruits.Meanwhile,the rate of rusty fruit,the rate of sunscalded fruit and the rate of splitting fruit decrease respectively by 12.4%,0.6% and 9.7%.The sunscalded fruit can be completely avoided after bagging when fruit was young.Besides,the rate of rusty fruit decreases from 0.9% to 35.2%,and the rate of marketable fruit increases from 57.8% to 96.3%.The rate of pulp,the contents of soluble solids and total sugar,the ratio of total sugar and total acid can be enhanced after eliminating partial flowers and young fruits and fruit bagging.In addition,the quality,flavor,color and preservation trait of loquat fruits can be improved.