绿色木霉TR-8菌株的生物学特性研究

Biological Characteristics of Trichoderma Viride Strain TR-8

绿色木霉菌TR-8是一株具有生防潜力的拮抗菌。研究发现TR-8菌株在PDA培养基、查彼培养基和基本培养基上均能较好生长,在基本培养基上生长最快,3种培养基对孢子产生影响不大。温度对菌丝生长和孢子产生影响显著,30℃时菌丝生长最快,25℃时产孢量最大。TR-8菌株在pH值2～10范围内均可生长,pH值5～6时菌丝生长最快,pH值为7时孢子产生量最大。光照处理对菌丝生长影响不明显,但可明显促进孢子产生。葡萄糖和麦芽糖为菌丝生长和产孢的最佳碳源。天冬酰胺是菌丝生长和孢子产生的最佳氮源。不同维生素对菌丝生长和孢子产生作用不同,烟酸对菌丝生长最有利。微量元素对菌丝生长有一定的促进作用,Mn有利于孢子产生。镰刀菌的菌丝提取物对TR-8的孢子产生具有促进作用。

Trichoderma viride strain TR-8 is a potential biocontrol fungus that grew well on PDA, Czapek and basic culture medium. Among them, the basic culture medium was most favorable for its hypha growth. There was no significant difference among the three media for the sporulation. Temperature had distinct effect on the hypha growth and spore bearing, the optimum temperature for hypha growth was 30℃, for sporulation was 25℃. TR-8 could grow in a wide range of pH value (from 2 to 10), the optimum pH value for hypha growth was 5 to 6, the optimum pH value for sporulation was 7. Illumination did not distinctly affect hypha growth, but obviously promoted the spore bearing. Dextrose and maltose was the best carbon source, while asparagine (Asn)was the optimum nitrogen source for both hypha growth and spore bearing. Different vitamins had different effects on hypha growth and sporulation, nicotinic acid (VB5) was the best for hypha growth. Trace elements could speed hypha growth, Mn was better for spore bearing than others. Extract from Fusarium oxysporum hyphae could promote sporulation.