水稻优化育种方法的研究

Rice Breeding Process with Optimized Method

采用“多元杂交,混系结合,株型理想,优化选择”方法,选出了9个水稻新品种。其中沈农8718、沈稻7号通过国家审定,沈稻4号、沈稻5号等通过辽宁省审定。新品种的产量超过对照品种。经检测,7个品种的米质达到国家优质稻米一级或二级标准熏其余达到三级标准。新品种各性状组配合理,抗病性、耐寒性、耐寒性较好。研究结果证明采用的优化育种方法是可行的,可以实现理想稻育种目标。

With the method to create variation by multiple crossing between different types of rice, to combine mass selection with pu-rity selection, to seek for ideal plant type and to determine optimum characteristics, nine new rice varieties with high yield and high quality have been released. Shennong 8718 and Shendao 7 passed the national variety examination and were named accordingly by the National Crop Variety Examination Committee and others passed the examination in Liaoning Province of China. The average yields of these new varieties were higher than those of the CK varieties. Qualities of seven new varieties reached the first-grade, or second-grade of the national standard for high quality rice in China and another came to the third-grade. The morphological traits and phys-iological characteristics of the varieties are coordinative. And the varieties are resistant to diseases, insufficient water and low tempera-ture. The fact indicates that the breeding method is effective for selecting ideal type of rice.