辽宁省水稻品质现状的初步分析

Analysis on Qualities of Current Rice Varieties in Liaoning Province

采用聚类分析和因子分析等方法,对辽宁省近年来生产上应用面积较大的20个水稻新品种品质进行分析。结果表明,目前在辽宁省主栽品种中,品质性状能够达到国家一级优质米标准的品种占总数的20%,达到国家二级优质米的品种占总数的30%,达到国家三级优质米的品种占总数的25%,未能达到国家优质米标准的占25%。在参试水稻品种米质性状中,垩白性状变化最大,是目前在水稻生产上米质不能达标的主要因素,其次是长宽比、胶稠度、直链淀粉含量、糊化温度,而最为稳定的是糙米率和精米率。因子分析的结果表明,糙米率、精米率、整精米率、垩白度和垩白率为影响目前辽宁省粳稻品种品质的主要因子。

Qualities of 20 widely popularized new varieties in Liaoning Province were analyzed using clustering analysis method and factor analysis method etc. The results showed that at present time among all dominating rice varieties in Liaoning Province there are 20% of those can reach primary standards of the governmental high grade rice standard, 35% of those can reach secondary stan-dards, 25% of those can reach third standards, while 25% of those are outside the standards. Chalkiness is the main reason of low rice quality and it changes greatly among all the quality characters. In the next place are aspect ratio, gel consistency, amylose con-tent, gelatinization temperature. The most stable factors are brawn rice rate and milled rice rate. The results from factor analysis showed that the main factors which affect quality of Liaoning japonica rice varieties include brawn rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, chalkiness and chalk grain rate.