铁路运输业的竞争压力分析

Competitive Pressure Analysis of Railway Transport Enterprises

目前普遍认为铁路行业存在低效率问题,为此要求引入和强化铁路行业内的市场竞争。铁路目前所面临的竞争压力需要从定性和定量两个方面给予分析。本文在迈克尔·波特的五种竞争"作用力"分析框架基础上,加上运输需求的波动性和政治压力两种"作用力"来定性分析铁路所面临的竞争压力,同时用铁路运输的市场占有率变化和铁路货运收入率与运价率的差异变化来定量分析。

People all take for granted that the railway companies are of low efficiency now, so suggestions are put forward to introduce the interior competition into railway enterprises to strengthen it. The competition of the railway company confronted should be analyzed from nature and ration facets.On the basis of five kinds of competitive function power of Michael.baud's, the competitive pressure of railway enterprises is analysed from two aspects of fluctuation of transportation demand and political pressure. Meanwhile,it is analysed by ration by the change of railway transportation market possession rate and differences between freight's income and price rate.