影响哈密地区蝗虫大发生的气象因子研究

Meteorological factors on grasshopper bloom in Hami Area

蝗虫是新疆农牧业生产的严重害虫之一 ,蝗虫的发生与气象条件有着密切的关系。从前一年秋季到当年夏季气温偏高 ,降水偏少 ,且 5～ 8月气温具有周期性的变化 ,有利于蝗虫大范围发生 ,当 5～ 8月气温偏高的情况下 ,在新疆干旱地区某段时间适度的降水偏多 ,期间交替某段时间暖干 ,对蝗虫灾害的发生影响不大 ,冬季气候条件对蝗虫发生程度影响较小。建立草原蝗虫灾情监测预测系统 ,及时了解气候和蝗虫生长情况 ,在现有的防御体系下有目的进行防治 ,是控制蝗害、保护草原的根本方法之一。

Grasshopper is one of the most serious pests in Xinjiang.There is a close relationship between the grasshopper infection and meteorological conditions.Higher temperature and less precipitation from previous year's autumn to present year's summer would benefit the outbreak of grasshopper,with the temperature periodic variation from May to August. The weather condition in winter had little effect on grasshopper infection.One of the most effective methods that controls and protects the grassland is to contruct the system of monitoring and forecasting for grasshopper disaster.