草地生态系统服务功能分析及其评价指标体系

Analyses on grassland ecosystem services and its indexes for assessment

草地生态系统服务功能是指草地生态系统及其生态过程所形成及所维持的人类赖以生存的自然环境条件与效用。根据最新的研究成果 ,结合草地生态系统提供服务的机制 ,将草地生态系统的服务功能划分为产品提供、调节功能、文化功能和支持功能四大类 ,其中 ,产品提供功能可分为畜牧业产品和植物资源产品两类 ,调节功能则包括气候调节、土壤C累积、水资源调节、侵蚀控制、空气质量调节、废弃物降解、营养物质循环 ;文化功能主要包括民族文化多样性和休闲旅游 ;支持功能则包括固沙改土及培肥地力和生境提供。在上述服务功能机制分析的基础上 ,构建了由 13个功能指标组成的草地生态系统服务功能评价指标体系。

Grassland ecosystem services imply the natural environmental conditions and their effectiveness formed and sustained by grassland ecosystem and its ecological processes,on which,human life relies for existence.Grassland ecosystem services can be divided into four groups: provisioning,regulating,cultural,and supporting services based on new study reports.Provisioning services consist of the products from livestock and vegetation in grassland.Regulating services imply the benefits obtained from the regulation of ecosystem processes,including weather regulation,soil C fixation,water storage,erosion control,air quality purification,waste treatment,and nutrients cycle.Cultural services include the nonmaterial benefits people obtained through spiritual enrichment,cognitive development,recreation,and aesthetic experiences,such as cultural diversity,recreation and ecotourism.Supporting services are foundation of the production of all other ecosystem services,including sand dune fixation,soil improvement and providing of habitat.Based on the above analyses,an index system of assessment of grassland ecosystem services,which consists of 13 function indexes,was established.